After the lead was removed as octane enhancer in gasoline, the need to find other compounds that fu

The fuel used in our country is, surely, gasoline, however, idiyappam making machine its development is not easy, because to deliver the product to consumers, it is necessary to use various complicated processes and technologies.
The oil which is obtained gasoline contains compounds that are not hydrocarbons, such as salt, metals and sulfur. Call it a whole mixture idiyappam making machine is necessary to separate. The sulfur content varies according to the origin of oil, but you can tell that gasoline obtained in primary distillation contains about 800 parts per million by weight.
Moreover, this gasoline has only achieved octane number of about 57, the specification being greater than 80. To achieve the final product octane specification, the primary fuel is sent to the catalytic reforming process, but before is owed remove sulfur in a process called hydrotreating. For this purpose catalysts such as cobalt and molybdenum are used.
The hydrotreating process involves heating approximately 280 gasoline along with a hydrogen stream and passing them through a fixed bed of catalyst, which allows removal of sulfur in gasoline to leave only about 0.1 parts per million . Under these conditions, gasoline is appropriate to move to the reforming process.
To carry out the reforming of gasoline is necessary to raise its temperature to 480 C and pass it up to four fixed beds of a catalyst containing platinum as the active metal; in each bed are performed various chemical reactions which transform hydrocarbon different families.
After each bed, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the stream idiyappam making machine because the reactions are endothermic, that is, the stream is cooled as it passes through each of these. In this process, depending on the severity with which the current is concerned, can be reached octane values up to 100, however, the severity is set such that, octane refinery as everything is balanced according to the quantities of petrol which are programmed to produce.
Until now we have only one way of preparation of gasoline, but other sources and other processes such as the case of from gasoline process of fluid catalytic cracking FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking), in which a stream of gas oils is fed Primary mixed with heavy fuel oil and, by breaking the hydrocarbon molecules by means of heat and a catalyst, gives us a range of products ranging from methane and ethane to the oil used in the preparation of fuel oil, gas also produces liquefied, olefins and gasoline four kinds of light oil.
This catalytic gasoline has an octane of about 90 points RON, so it is an excellent component of the final mixture, except for its sulfur content is also high and limits its proportion in the final gasoline, because the value specified for this pollutant has a limit. idiyappam making machine
After the lead was removed as octane enhancer in gasoline, the need to find other compounds that fulfill this role was taken and was thus became part of gasoline oxygenates called ethers. Production of these compounds is relatively straightforward because the raw materials used to produce the FCC process is obtained.
To produce gasoline that pollute less the environment, Petroleos Mexicanos installed alkylation plants, where the load is unreacted olefins plant in advance. Moreover, in order to make optimal use of hydrocarbons have been installed isometrizadoras idiyappam making machine paraffins units producing another good stream to be used in the preparation idiyappam making machine of the final gasoline.
With currents above the final Pemex gasoline is selling at service stations throughout Mexico idiyappam making machine and the proportion in which they participate depends on the characteristics thereof are obtained, as well as the specifications to be met by the end gasolines, including which may be mentioned, the octane number, vapor pressure, sulfur content, aromatics, olefins and final boiling point.
March 2, 2015 No Comment
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